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- $Title{Glossary}
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- Adult-onset diabetes--Former name for non-insulin-dependent diabetes
- Angiopathy--A disease of the blood vessels
- Atherosclerosis--A condition in which fat and clotted blood builds up in
- the large-and medium-sized arteries
- Beta cells--The cells of the pancreas that produce insulin
- Blood-glucose monitoring--A method of checking how much blood sugar
- (glucose) is in the blood
- Carbohydrate--One of the three main classes of food and a source of
- energy
- Cholesterol--A fatlike substance that is found in food and is made by the
- body
- Circulation--The flow of blood within the body
- Diabetes mellitus--A disease that occurs when the body is not able to use
- sugar for energy as it should Fats--One of the three main classes of foods;
- can be either saturated, monunsaturated or polyunsaturated
- Gestational diabetes mellitus--A type of diabetic mellitus that occurs
- when a woman is pregnant
- Glucagon--A hormone that raises blood-sugar levels, sometimes used to
- treat insulin reactions
- Glucose--A simple sugar found in the blood, serving as the body's main
- source of energy
- Hormone--A chemical within the body that acts as a messenger, telling
- cells what to do
- Hyperglycemia-- High blood-sugar levels
- Hypoglycemia--Low blood-sugar levels
- Insulin--The hormone the body uses to regulate blood sugar and allow it
- into the cells
- Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--Chronic condition where the pancreas
- does not make enough insulin
- Insulin reaction--Effects of too much insulin, causing very low
- blood-sugar levels
- lslets of Langerhans--The groups of cells within the pancreas that
- contain the beta cells that make insulin
- Ketoacidosis--The buildup of ketones in the blood due to poorly
- controlled diabetes; can lead to coma and death
- Lancet--Sharp instrument used for pricking skin
- Maturity-onset diabetes--Former name for non-insulin-dependent diabetes
- Nephropathy--Disease or damage of the kidneys
- Neuropathy--Disease or damage of the nervous system
- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--A form of diabetes where the
- body is resistant to insulin
- Oral hypoglycemic agents--Medications used to control blood-sugar levels
- Pancreas--The organ that makes insulin; it is found behind and under the
- stomach
- Pre-eclampsia--A condition during pregnancy marked by high blood pressure
- and water retention
- Protein--One of the three main classes of foods
- Retina--The inside layer of the back of the eyeball that senses light
- Retinopathy--Disease or damage to the retina
- Sugar--A type of simple carbohydrate that tastes sweet
- Sulfonylureas--Oral hypoglycemic agents
- Type I diabetes--Insulin-dependent diabetes
- Type 11 diabetes--Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
- Urine testing--Checking urine for glucose and ketones as a way of
- monitoring blood-glucose levels
- Vitrectomy--Removal of the clear jellylike fluid from the eye after it
- has become clouded due to bleeding
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